A Survey of Common Software Tools for Linux Operations in Internet Companies

The world of Linux is truly fascinating — if you haven’t started yet, now’s the time to dive in!

Operating Systems: CentOS※, FreeBSD, Ubuntu, Red Hat Linux, SUSE Linux
Web Services: Apache※, Nginx, Lighttpd, PHP※, Tomcat※, Resin
Databases: MySQL※, PostgreSQL, MySQL-Proxy, MariaDB
Proxying & High Availability: LVS, Keepalived, HAProxy, Nginx, Apache, Heartbeat (all marked with )
Web Caching: Squid※, Nginx※, Varnish
In-Memory Caching: Memcache※, Memcached, TokyoTyrant※, MongoDB, Cassandra※, Redis※, Tair, CouchDB
Storage & Distributed Filesystems: NFS※, MooseFS※, Hadoop※, GFS※, Lustre, FastDFS
Version Control: CVS, SVN※, Git
Monitoring & Alerting: Mboy, MRTG, Nagios, Cacti, Zabbix, Munin, Hyperic
DNS Resolution: BIND, PowerDNS, DNSmq
Sync Software: Rsync, Inotify, Sersync, DRBD, Csync2, Union, Lsyncd, SCP (all marked with ※)
Deployment & Distribution Tools: Secboy, Expect※, Puppet※, CFEngine※, SSH+Rsync+Sersync
Virtualization: Xen, KVM
Internal Networking: iptables, Zebra, Iftraf, Ntop, tc, Iftop
Email Software: Qmail※, Postfix※, Sendmail
Remote Access / VPN: OpenVPN, PPTP, Openswan, IPIP
Centralized Authentication: LDAP (can integrate with Microsoft Active Directory)
Message Queuing: ActiveMQ※, RabbitMQ, MemcacheQ
Build & Release: Maven, Ant, Jenkins
Testing Software: Apache AB, Smokeping, Siege, JMeter, Webbench, LoadRunner (all marked with )
Logging & Analytics: Syslog, Rsyslog, AWStats
DB Proxy: MySQL-Proxy, Amoeba (though read/write splitting is often implemented at the application level)
Search Software: Sphinx, Xapian (larger companies tend to build small-scale internal search engines similar to Baidu)

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