The mainstream message queue middleware currently consists mainly of Kafka, ActiveMQ, RabbitMQ, RocketMQ, and others.
ActiveMQ and RabbitMQ are seeing less and less usage nowadays due to various reasons such as throughput limitations. Alibaba’s RocketMQ and the industry heavyweight Kafka have clearly become the dominant players thanks to their outstanding performance. Additionally, major vendors often build upon these foundations to self-develop or independently create internal message queue tools.
Below is a simple comparison of the throughput and reliability of these middleware options (the following image is sourced from the internet):
As we can see from the image above, each middleware has its own strengths. For small-scale projects, a simple architecture can generally meet requirements at a relatively low cost. For complex scenarios, however, distributed systems like Kafka and RocketMQ are clearly the best choice.