Category: System

Linux (238)
Windows (383)

Installing DRBD + Heartbeat + NFS on CentOS 5.6 x86_64

This article is actually a supplement to the section “Production-Ready High-Availability NFS File Server” in Chapter 5 of “Building High-Availability Linux Servers (2nd Edition)”. In fact, software like DRBD and Heartbeat can all be installed automatically via yum, for example, installing DRBD …

Shell Script to Prevent SSH and vsftpd Brute-Force Attacks (v2)

On a recently deployed FTP backup server, a routine check of the /var/log/secure log revealed numerous failed authentication attempts for sshd and vsftpd. It’s clear someone is using brute-force cracking tools to steal passwords, so a security script needs to be written to prevent this. The script requirements are as follows: This SHELL script is placed in cront …

How to Limit Speed in vsFTP

This article focuses on techniques for rate limiting in vsftpd, and the configuration file also describes other common configuration strategy tips, such as anonymous user restrictions, logging, directory restrictions, user type restrictions, server IP restrictions, and more. Please check the code in the file below. As …

How to Specify Source Address When Configuring Routes

If multiple IP addresses are configured on a single network interface, which one is used for outgoing packets? On Linux, the iproute2 tool lets you force the source address with the src parameter: ip route add 1.2.3.4/32 via 4.3.2.1 src 3.3.3.3 But on Windows, everything is internal …

Cisco IOS New Naming Convention Illustrated Guide

Each feature requires an IOS upgrade, which has created significant confusion for customers when choosing among various IOS versions. Now, Cisco has adopted a feature-packaging strategy for version 12.3 (routers) or version 12.2S (switches) to simplify selection: 44 features are …

What Does Router QoS Settings Include

A critical task for internet cafe network administrators is ensuring stable network connectivity for every computer, which requires mastering QoS configuration on the internet cafe router. To help you better understand the setup process, here is a breakdown of the key elements found in the QoS settings interface of an internet cafe router. …

How Cisco Router Point-to-Point Authentication Works

Point-to-Point Protocol provides a standard method for transporting multi-protocol datagrams over point-to-point links. PPP was originally designed to provide an encapsulation protocol for IP traffic transmission between two peer nodes. In the TCP/IP protocol suite, it is a data link layer protocol used for synchronous modulation connections (OSI model …

Cisco Router Multiprotocol Label Switching

Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a switching method in which core routers use labels or tags that contain forwarding information provided by edge routers within IP packets to achieve network-layer switching. It is an architecture for fast packet switching and routing, providing targeting, routing, forwarding, and switching capabilities for network data traffic …